TY - JOUR AU - Afzal, Saira AU - Akhtar, Mariam AU - Abid, Maryam PY - 2014/09/17 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A PUBLIC SECTOR INSTITUTION JF - Annals of King Edward Medical University JA - Annals KEMU VL - 20 IS - 2 SE - Articles DO - 10.21649/akemu.v20i2.622 UR - https://www.annalskemu.org/journal/index.php/annals/article/view/622 SP - 149 AB - <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Abstract:</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">Medical students are considered by the society as young intellectual elites, destined to become proficient doctors, and accordingly, are expected to have unlimited reservoirs of strength and stamina to see them through their training. Burdened by this expectation, pressured to excel among their peers, overwhelmed by the amount of information to absorb, haunted with self-doubt over their abilities, many medical students suffer from burnout and a significant number face depression.</span></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Objective:</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">To find frequency of depression in medical students of a public sector institution using HAMILTON-Depression scale and Agha Khan University Anxiety Depression Scales (AKUADS) and its association with the academic year.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Design:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">Cross-sectional study.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Place and Period:</span></strong></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">A</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;"> Public sector institution; from February to May, 2013.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Subjects and Methods:</span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">30 students from each class (n=150) selected through convenient sampling were given questionnaires based on Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and Agha Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale (AKUADS). Data was collected, compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 16. The frequencies and percentages of depression and its symptoms according to both scales were tabulated. The association of frequency of depression with each academic year was also determined.&nbsp; Then, using HAM-D as a standard scale, the sensitivity of AKUADS was calculated through cross tabulation.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Results:</span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">Out of 150 students 90 students (60%) had depression according to HAM-D and 92 students (61.3%) according to AKUADS. Students in the initial years of education exhibited depression more frequently with its frequency declining over the course of academic years.&nbsp; Using HAM-D as standard scale, the sensitivity of AKUADS was calculated to be 77.8%.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; text-transform: uppercase;">Key words:</span></strong></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 6pt 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;">Depression, medical students, cross-sectional, HAM-D, AKUADS, Public sector.</span></p> ER -